This study analyzed the morphological traits of the Žutica olive variety, assessing its variability through statistical methods. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified the first three components as having the greatest influence on the grouping of Žutica clones. Fruit and endocarp length, width, and weight, as well as pulp weight, were associated with PC1, while the shape index of both fruit and endocarp was linked to PC2. PC3 included the leaf shape index, internode length, pulp percentage, and the pulp/endocarp ratio. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) showed that the twenty-three olive clones formed two distinct clusters, with five clones remaining independent. These findings highlight the morphological diversity of Montenegro's oldest olive variety and contribute valuable insights for the preservation and characterization of this important genetic resource.
